What are the functions of a regulated power supply? Common classification and characteristics of regulated power sources

What is a regulated power supply? A regulated power supply generally consists of three parts: a transformer, a rectifier, and a voltage regulator. It is an electronic system that can provide stable AC or DC power to the load. This article has collected and organized some materials, hoping to have great reference value for readers.

The performance indicators of regulated power supplies can be divided into two categories: one is characteristic indicators, such as voltage, output filter, and voltage regulation; Another type is quality standards, which reflect the quality of regulated power sources, including stability and equivalent internal resistance (output resistance), ripple voltage, and temperature coefficient. The common types and characteristics of regulated power supply are as follows:

Switching AC regulated power supply

The switching AC stabilized power supply adopts high-frequency pulse width modulation technology, which differs from general switching power supplies in that its output must be in the same frequency and phase as the input side. The voltage waveform includes quasi square wave, trapezoidal wave, sine wave, etc. At present, the UPS power supply on the market is a switching AC regulated power supply with strong voltage stability, strong control function, and easy to achieve intelligence. It is a very promising AC regulated power supply. But due to complex circuits, high prices, and slow promotion speed. AC regulated power supply, also known as AC regulator

With the development of electronic technology, especially the application of computer technology in various industries and research industries, various electronic products require stable communication power supplies, and direct power supply from the power grid cannot meet the necessity. The emergence of communication stabilized power supplies has solved this problem. Common AC voltage stabilizers include: ① ferromagnetic resonance AC voltage stabilizers. Consisting of a saturated choke and corresponding capacitors, it has constant voltage volt ampere characteristics Magnetic amplifier AC voltage stabilizer. Connect the magnetic amplifier in series with an autotransformer and use an electronic circuit to change the impedance of the magnetic amplifier to stabilize the voltage Telescopic AC voltage regulator. Adjust the stable voltage of the rolling contact position of the transformer. ④ Inductive AC voltage regulator. By changing the frequency of the transformer and the phase difference of the primary voltage, the induced AC current is stabilized Thyristor AC voltage regulator. Using thyristors as power regulating elements. High stability, fast response, and no noise. But the impact on communication equipment and electronic products. After the 1980s, three new types of AC regulated power sources emerged: compensated AC regulators. CNC and stepper AC voltage regulator. Purify the AC voltage regulator. It has a strong isolation effect and can remove the peak impact of the power grid. DC regulated power supply, also known as DC regulator

When the voltage or load resistance of the AC power supply changes, the direct voltage of the voltage regulator can remain stable. The parameter values of the voltage regulator include voltage stability, ripple coefficient, and response time. The former indicates the impact of input voltage changes on voltage. Under the premise of rated operation, the ripple coefficient represents the magnitude of the AC component in the voltage; The latter represents the time it takes for the voltage to return to the standard value when the input voltage or load changes sharply. DC regulated power supplies are divided into two categories: continuous conduction and switching. The former uses a transformer to change the single-phase or three-phase AC voltage to an appropriate value, then obtains an unstable DC power supply through rectification and filtering, and then obtains a stable voltage (or current) through a voltage stabilizing circuit. This type of power supply has a simple circuit, small ripple, and little mutual influence, but it has a large volume, many consumables, and low efficiency (usually less than 40% to 60%). The latter adjusts the voltage by changing the switching time ratio of the regulating element (or switch), thereby achieving voltage stabilization. This type of power consumption is low and the efficiency can reach around 85%.

The main functions of a regulated power supply

1. Stable voltage:

When the voltage of the power grid fluctuates instantaneously, the regulated power supply will compensate for the voltage amplitude with a response time of 10-30ms to maintain the voltage amplitude within ± 2%.

2. Comprehensive multi-purpose protection:

In addition to the most basic stable voltage, the voltage regulator should also have overvoltage protection (over 10% of voltage), undervoltage protection (less than -10% of voltage), phase loss protection, and short-circuit overvoltage protection, which are the most basic protection functions.

3. Sharp pulse suppression (optional):

Sometimes, sharp pulses with high amplitude and narrow pulse width may appear in the power grid, penetrating electronic components with low compression resistance. The anti surge component of the regulated power supply can suppress this sharp pulse.

4. Protection against conducted EMI interference signals (optional):

CNC machinery often uses AC/DC rectification PFC high-frequency power factor correction, which has a certain impact and strict requirements for interference sources. The filtering components of the regulated power supply can not only effectively protect the impact of the power grid on the system, but also effectively protect the impact of equipment on the power grid.

5. Lightning protection (optional):

The lightning protection capability that should be possessed.

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