How to maintain the step-up transformer? Introduction to Working Principle and Function

A step-up transformer refers to an instantaneous voltage start. At present, there are relatively few transformer manufacturers in China that can effectively achieve instantaneous voltage transformation. The step-up transformer has strong transient starting voltage transformation ability and good voltage transformation effect. To help you comprehensively understand, this article summarizes the working principle, efficacy, and maintenance of step-up transformers. If you are interested in the content to be covered in this article, please continue reading.

Working principle of step-up transformer

When the primary coil flows AC current, the iron core generates AC magnetic flux, and the secondary coil induces voltage to generate a magnetic field. The direction of the input AC current continuously changes, generating a magnetic field that changes synchronously with the current, forming a closed circuit along the transformer core; Due to the constantly changing size and direction of the magnetic field, the current in the secondary coil equals the voltage, and the larger the secondary coil, the higher the derived voltage.

In a generator, the movement of the coil can be induced by a fixed coil through a magnetic field or magnetic field movement, with the magnetic flux value unchanged and the magnetic flux of the coil cross chain unchanged.

The efficacy of step-up transformers

A step-up transformer is a type of transformer that has the effect of increasing voltage compensation, also known as a transformer compensator. In fact, most transformers are divided into two types based on different regulated voltages: step-up transformers and step-down transformers, and the two types of transformers are completely different in terms of voltage conditions. The secondary coil of the step-up transformer is more than the original coil, while the secondary coil of the step-down transformer is less than the original coil.

Step-up transformer is a unique isolation transformer that can be divided into single-phase and three-phase. There are different voltage levels including 220V, 380V, 400V, 415V, 480V, 500V, 515V, 660V, 690V, 1140V to 60KV. And the application of undervoltage compensation in different occasions, such as imported product supporting facilities and foreign voltage levels.

When an AC voltage U1 is applied to one side of the transformer, the current flowing through the primary winding is I1. When the current passes through the iron core, it generates alternating magnetic flux, causing an electromagnetic connection between the primary and secondary windings. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, alternating magnetic field will induce electric potential through these two windings, and its magnitude is positively correlated with the number of turns in the winding and the highest value of its main magnetic flux. When the secondary side of the transformer is led, that is to say, when the transformer is unloaded, the voltage at the primary and secondary terminals is positively correlated with the number of turns of the primary and secondary windings, and the transformer plays a role in converting voltage.

When the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the load, under the influence of electromotive force E2, there will be a secondary current foundation, and the electromotive force generated by the current will also play a reverse demagnetization role on the same iron core. However, since the main magnetic flux depends on the power supply current, U1 is basically the same, the primary winding current will automatically increase the magnetomotive force F1 to offset the magnetomotive force F2 formed by the secondary winding current. Under the influence of the primary winding currents L1 and L2, The total magnetic electromotive force acting on the iron core by F1 (excluding no-load current I0) F2=0, because F1=I1N1, F2=I2N2 I1N1 I2N2=0, it can be seen that I1 and I2 are the same. Therefore, I1/I2=N2/N1=1/K can be seen that the ratio of primary and secondary currents and the ratio of primary and secondary voltages are reciprocal, and the power of the transformer's primary and secondary windings remains basically unchanged. Due to the relatively small transmission power consumed by the transformer itself, the size of the secondary winding current I2 depends on the needs of the load, so the size of the primary winding current I1 also depends on the needs of the load. The transformer plays a role in power transmission.

How to maintain the step-up transformer? When using step-up transformers in daily life, the following points are for reference only:

1. In order to protect the insulation performance of the insulation oil installed on the high-voltage generator and machine head, it is generally not allowed to open the observation window and loosen the surrounding fixing screws at will to avoid moisture or dust on the oil and reduce the insulation performance.

2. Check if the lighting, heat removal, and dust removal equipment near the transformer are in good condition, and wipe the dust on the transformer body and porcelain bottle with a clean cloth.

3. Check the high-voltage side load switch of the transformer to ensure flexible operation, good contact, and lubrication of the transmission part.

4. Open the high-voltage grounding switch, check the disconnection position, and then connect to the ground. Cover the high-voltage load switch to test run the transformer, remove the high-voltage side sign, and pay attention to disconnecting or covering the high-voltage load switch of the transformer. There must be at least two people on site.

5. When a new oil needs to be replaced, assistance from the local power company should be obtained to check the characteristics of the new oil, and the insulation strength should not be less than 25000 volts/2.5mm; The oil insulation strength of the combined machine head should be above 30000 volts/2.5mm.

6. Measure the insulation resistance (to ground and phase to phase) of the high and low voltage coils of the transformer with a 2500V megger to ensure compliance (at room temperature of 30 ℃, the high voltage side of the 10KV transformer exceeds 20M Ω and the low voltage side exceeds 13M Ω). Before testing, the grounding wire should be grounded and discharged after the measurement is completed.

7. The high-voltage generator or combination head must have a good grounding wire. An ohmmeter should be used for a long time to measure whether the casing, console casing, and external grounding wire are passing through, and the grounding bolts should be tightened.

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