Packaging and Model of Light Emitting Diodes

Light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that can convert electrical energy into light energy, with the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, and long service life. The packaging and model of LED are one of the important factors determining its performance and application. This article will introduce the packaging and model of LED.

LED packaging is the assembly of chips, wires, and shells together to ensure the convenience and speed of chips. LED packaging can be divided into the following types:

(1) DIP packaging: DIP packaging is one of the earliest LED packaging methods, fully known as the Dual In line Package. According to the connection between wires and external circuits, LED chips packaged in DIP have the characteristics of low cost and convenient welding, but they are large in size, unstable in brightness and color.

(2) SMD packaging: SMD packaging is an abbreviation for surface mount packaging, and its full name is Surface Mount Device. SMD packaged LED chips directly soldered onto PCB boards have the characteristics of small size, high brightness, and stable color, but the cost is high.

(3) COB Packaging: The abbreviation for COB Packaging Chip On Board is to densely pack multiple LED chips together to form a single overall light source. The LED packaged with COB has the characteristics of high brightness and stable color, but the cost is high.

(4) MCPCB Packaging: The abbreviation for MCPCB Packaging Metal Core Printed Circuit Board is to solder LED chips onto a metal substrate, which has the characteristics of good heat dissipation, high brightness, and long service life. It is suitable for high-power LEDs.

Introduction to LED models:

1. General solid color LED

Generally speaking, pure color light-emitting diodes have the characteristics of small size, low operating voltage, small operating current, symmetry, fast response time, and long service life. It can be driven by various DC, AC, pulse, and other power sources. It belongs to current controlled semiconductor equipment and should be connected with appropriate current limiting resistors during application.

Generally speaking, the emission color of pure color light-emitting diodes is related to the emission wavelength, which depends on the semiconductor device used to manufacture the light-emitting diode.

The wavelength of red LED is generally 650-700nm, brown LED is generally 630-650nm, orange LED is generally 610-630nm, and yellow LED is generally 585nm.

The BT (factory standard model) series is a common solid color light-emitting diode in China, and the FG (ministerial standard model) series and 2EF series. Common imported solid color light-emitting diodes include the SLR series and SLC series.

2. High brightness LED

The semiconductor devices used for high brightness pure color light-emitting diodes and ultra-high brightness pure color light-emitting diodes are different from ordinary pure color light-emitting diodes, therefore the luminous intensity is also different.

Generally, gallium arsenide is used for high brightness solid color light-emitting diodes (GaAlAs). Ultra high brightness solid color light-emitting diodes are made of materials such as gallium gallium arsenide (GaAsInP) and Gallium phosphide. Generally, materials such as gallium arsenide are used for solid color light-emitting diodes (GaP) or gallium arsenide (GaAsP).

3. Color changing LED

A color changing LED is a type of LED that can change the color of the light emitted. The types of emitting colors of color changing light-emitting diodes can be divided into two color light-emitting diodes, three color light-emitting diodes, and multi-color light-emitting diodes (red, blue, green, and white).

Color changing LED can be divided into two terminal color changing LED, three terminal color changing LED, four terminal color changing LED, and six terminal color changing LED.

Two color light-emitting diodes are available in the 2EF series and TB series, while three color light-emitting diodes are available in models such as 2EF302, 2EF312, and 2EF322.

4. Voltage controlled light emitting diode

Generally, light-emitting diodes belong to current control devices, and suitable current limiting resistors must be connected in series during application. Voltage controlled light emitting diodes (BTV) integrate light emitting diodes and current limiting resistors, and can be directly connected to both sides of the power supply when in use.

5. Infrared light-emitting diode

Infrared light-emitting diode, also known as infrared light-emitting diode, is a light-emitting device that can directly convert electric energy into infrared (no light), and can radiate to various optical control and remote control transmission circuits.

The structure and principle of infrared light-emitting diodes are adjacent to general light-emitting diodes, but the semiconductor devices used are different. Gallium arsenide is used for infrared light-emitting diodes (GaAs), gallium arsenide aluminide (GaAlAs) and other materials, and is packaged with transparent or Baby blue, dark resin.

The SIR series, SIM series, PLT series, GL series, HIR series, and HG series are common infrared light-emitting diodes.

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